See fleuma on Wiktionary
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"ref": "2004, Carme Riera, La meitat de l'ànima:",
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"type": "quotation"
}
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],
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]
},
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},
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"pos": "noun",
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],
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],
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
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"word": "tranquilidade"
},
{
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},
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"word": "pachorra"
},
{
"word": "impassibilidade"
},
{
"word": "calma"
}
],
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]
}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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},
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈflew.mɐ/",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "fleuma"
}
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37
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30
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"ref": "2004, Carme Riera, La meitat de l'ànima:",
"text": "La meva madrastra, que era tan fleuma com maligna per complir amb el seu paper estereotipat, tenia gelos.",
"translation": "My stepmother, who was as weak as she was evil in order to fulfil her stereotyped role, was jealous.",
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],
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"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"ca:Lampriform fish",
"ca:People",
"pt:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"phlegma",
"phlegma#Latin"
],
[
"flegma",
"flegma#Catalan"
],
[
"phlegmatic",
"phlegmatic#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "phlegma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin phlegma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "phlegma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin phlegma",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "flegma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of flegma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin phlegma. Doublet of flegma, a learned borrowing. For the sense development, compare phlegmatic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fleumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "fleuma m or f by sense (plural fleumes)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a weak, indecisive person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bleda"
},
{
"word": "fava"
},
{
"word": "figaflor"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfle̞w.mə]",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈflew.mə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈflew.ma]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "fleuma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjectives",
"Catalan adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan doublets",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan epicene adjectives",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan masculine nouns ending in -a",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with multiple genders",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"ca:Lampriform fish",
"ca:People",
"pt:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"phlegma",
"phlegma#Latin"
],
[
"flegma",
"flegma#Catalan"
],
[
"phlegmatic",
"phlegmatic#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "phlegma",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin phlegma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "phlegma"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin phlegma",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "flegma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of flegma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin phlegma. Doublet of flegma, a learned borrowing. For the sense development, compare phlegmatic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fleumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "fleuma f (plural fleumes)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"scalloped ribbonfish (Zu cristatus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Zu cristatus",
"Wikispecies:Zu cristatus"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfle̞w.mə]",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈflew.mə]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈflew.ma]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "fleuma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese doublets",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese learned borrowings from Latin",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"pt:Bodily fluids"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "sangue"
},
{
"word": "bílis amarela"
},
{
"word": "bílis negra"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"φλέγω",
"φλέγω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥"
],
[
"*-mə",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-mə"
],
[
"-μα",
"-μα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"φλέγμα",
"φλέγμα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"phlegma",
"phlegma#Latin"
],
[
"phlegma",
"phlegma#Latin"
],
[
"φλέγμα",
"φλέγμα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"freima",
"freima#Portuguese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:phlegma",
"doublet": "freima",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek φλέγω (phlégō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μα (-ma)\nAncient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma)bor.\nLatin phlegmalbor.\nPortuguese fleuma\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to set on fire, inflame\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φλέγω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-mə\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μα\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φλέγμα\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"phlegma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"fleuma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"fleuma\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin phlegma, borrowed from Ancient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma). Doublet of freima.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:phlegma",
"doublet": "freima",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek φλέγω (phlégō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μα (-ma)\nAncient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma)bor.\nLatin phlegmalbor.\nPortuguese fleuma\nLearned borrowing from Latin phlegma, borrowed from Ancient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma). Doublet of freima.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek φλέγω (phlégō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μα (-ma)\nAncient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma)bor.\nLatin phlegmalbor.\nPortuguese fleuma\nLearned borrowing from Latin phlegma, borrowed from Ancient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma). Doublet of freima.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fleumas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleugma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flegma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleima",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "freuma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "phleuma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "phlegma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "phleugma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "fleuma f (plural fleumas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense": "humor",
"word": "phlegm"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fleu",
"ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "fleumático"
},
{
"word": "humorismo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"phlegm (historical: humour)"
],
"links": [
[
"phlegm",
"phlegm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "impaciência"
}
],
"categories": [
"Portuguese uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"tranquillity; calmness"
],
"links": [
[
"tranquillity",
"tranquillity"
],
[
"calmness",
"calmness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) tranquillity; calmness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tranquilidade"
},
{
"word": "paciência"
},
{
"word": "pachorra"
},
{
"word": "impassibilidade"
},
{
"word": "calma"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈflew.mɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfleʊ̯.mɐ]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈflew.mɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "fleuma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fleuma meaning in All languages combined (12.6kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (phlegm): sangue, bílis amarela, bílis negra desc=phlegm rest=sangue, bílis amarela, bílis negra cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"fleuma"
],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "fleuma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.